Science & Scientific Method

Aristotle described wisdom in terms of the need to answer 4 questions to develop a scientific explanation--what is it, what is it made of, who or what made it, and what is its purpose? The answers were called the four causes--formal, material, efficient, and final)(Cardwell 486).

More recently, two schools of thought have dominated science, the starting time the hypothetico-deductive system showing that scientific theories are falsifiable; and the sulphur Kuhn's distinction between normal science, or the routine processes and systems of popular science, and the second revolutionary science, when a crisis results in the substitution of a clean paradigm (cardwell 487-488).

The method of science can be applied to problems in different fields, and science is the underlying "method" in chemistry, physics, biology, astronomy, and other fields. intuition is theoretical--it develops and tests theories, and so long as a theory applies to the known facts, it is accepted. When a theory fails to relieve newly discovered facts, a new theory is substituted. Science is a body of knowledge that has been tested, and this knowledge is then bony upon for further investigation to uncover the essential nature of the cosmos in which we live. Science is the search for knowledge, some of which is applied to virtual(a)(a) purposes, and some of which is sought for its own sake, at least in the immediate instance.

Technology is classified as a practical application of

S.C. Gilfillan, a historian of technology, actual a classification for technological change that is sympathetic to Kuhn's classification for science. Gilfillan sees technological change as taking go into through evolutionary value and revolutionary invention.

Evolutionary improvement is a fact of everyday life and is seen in the look products are improved each year with the addition of new components or with changes in the old ones. Revolutionary invention takes placement seemingly all at once and falls into two categories. The first involves revolutionary invention taking place in a pre-existing technology, such as the creation of a new engine that fits into and transforms engine technology. The second involves the creation of a new technology where none existed before, and the invention of the printing matter by Gutenberg is an example of this sort of revolutionary change (Cardwell 488-489).

science and covers such topics as engineering and invention. Technology is often developed through empirical testing and change not contrary what takes place in science, and this was particularly true before the increase of science as a specific discipline. The basic technologies primaeval in history were agriculture, building, pottery, and textiles and were created through empirical investigation, then reach down from one generation to the next and were refined on the way. Technology is not a systematic investigation of the existence as is s
Ordercustompaper.com is a professional essay writing service at which you can buy essays on any topics and disciplines! All custom essays are written by professional writers!